Science & Tech MCQ's

January 2026

With respect to the anatomical functions of the brain, consider the following statements:

The Cerebellum is primarily responsible for controlling involuntary life-support functions such as heartbeat, breathing, and digestion.
The Cerebrum, which is the largest part of the brain, controls voluntary movements, speech, intelligence, and sensory processing.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

With respect to the International Legal Framework governing nuclear power in space, consider the following statements:

The UN Principles of 1992 regarding the use of nuclear power sources in outer space are legally binding guidelines with a strict enforcement mechanism.
The Outer Space Treaty (1967) explicitly bans Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs) but remains silent on the use of peaceful nuclear propulsion.
There is currently a legal vacuum regarding binding technical standards for the safety design and end-of-life disposal of nuclear reactors in space.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

With respect to the Heron Mk II Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), consider the following statements:

It is a Medium Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) UAV manufactured by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI).
Unlike earlier versions that depended on Line-of-Sight (LOS) radio, the Mk II is Satellite-Linked, enabling Beyond Line of Sight (BLOS) operations.
The Indian Navy has been operating the Heron Mk II for over a decade and is now upgrading to the Searcher platform.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

With respect to micro-navigation and bio-mimicry applications, consider the following statements:

Rotational Diffusion refers to the tendency of random collisions with surrounding molecules to disorient microscopic organisms moving in a straight line.
The helical motion mechanism of parasites is being used as a blueprint for designing artificial nanobots and drug-delivery devices.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

With respect to the technical components of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) mentioned in the article, consider the following statements:

Split Tunneling allows a user to simultaneously route some internet traffic through an encrypted VPN connection while other traffic accesses the internet directly.
A Virtual Server must be physically located within the same geographic jurisdiction that its IP address represents to the user.
Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) is a tool primarily used by VPN providers to enhance the encryption standards of their tunnels.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

Only one

Only two

All three

None

Lunarcrete, which was recently in the news, refers to which of the following?

A method of extracting oxygen and hydrogen from lunar ice deposits.

A building material using lunar regolith as aggregate and sulphur or heat fusion as a binder.

A specialized fabric designed to protect astronauts from lunar dust and radiation.

A water-intensive cement mixture imported from Earth for lunar construction.

None

With reference to the nature and impact of Methane (CH4), consider the following statements:

It is a long-lived climate pollutant that persists in the atmosphere for over a century.
It is approximately 84 times more potent than Carbon Dioxide in trapping heat over a 20-year period.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

With respect to the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), consider the following statements:

It is the first international treaty to ban the entire category of biological weapons of mass destruction.
It mandates the destruction of existing stockpiles of biological weapons by the signatory nations.
India is a signatory to the Biological Weapons Convention.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

With reference to the 'AH-64E Apache' helicopters, consider the following statements:

The AH-64E is a single-role reconnaissance helicopter designed primarily for high-altitude surveillance.
India is the only nation in Asia to operate the Apache Guardian variant.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

10.

With respect to Dark Matter, consider the following statements:

It is composed of non-baryonic matter that does not emit, absorb, or reflect electromagnetic radiation.
The phenomenon of gravitational lensing is utilized to infer the presence and distribution of dark matter.
Dark matter is the primary force responsible for the accelerated expansion of the universe.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

11.

With respect to the formation of Neutron Stars, consider the following statements:

They are formed when a massive star collapses, crushing protons and electrons into neutrons.
If the core of a collapsing star is more than 3 solar masses, it stabilizes as a neutron star.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

12.

With respect to GM Mustard (DMH-11), consider the following statements:

It is a hybrid of ‘Varuna’ and ‘Early Heera-2’ varieties developed by the Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants.
The Barnase gene is responsible for restoring fertility in the hybrid plant.
The system utilizes transgenes derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

13.

With respect to Geological Heritage and Institutions, consider the following statements:

The Geological Survey of India (GSI) operates under the administrative control of the Ministry of Earth Sciences.
Varkala Cliff is a designated Geo-heritage site known for exposing Cenozoic sedimentary formations on the coast.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

14.

With respect to the properties of Neutrinos, consider the following statements:

Neutrinos are the second most abundant particles in the universe after photons.
They interact with matter solely through the Weak Nuclear Force and Gravity.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

15.

With respect to the design and development of the Vikram launch vehicle, consider the following statements:

It is an orbital-class launch vehicle developed by the private entity Skyroot Aerospace.
The vehicle features an all-carbon composite structure to ensure a high strength-to-weight ratio.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

16.

With respect to the chemical properties and application of Auramine O, consider the following statements:

It is a synthetic yellow dye derived from compounds such as dimethylaniline and formaldehyde.
It is a permitted food additive used to enhance the color of dairy-based sweets in India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

17.

With respect to the NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) Mission, consider the following statements:

It is the first satellite mission to use two different radar frequencies (L-band and S-band) to measure changes in our planet's surface less than a centimeter across.
ISRO has provided the L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), while NASA has contributed the S-band SAR.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

18.

With reference to the capabilities of the S-500 ‘Prometheus’ air defence system, consider the following statements:

It is designed to intercept hypersonic cruise missiles flying at speeds exceeding Mach 5.
Unlike the S-400, the S-500 is capable of targeting Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites and space weapons.
It utilizes the ‘Yenisei’ radar system, which offers superior detection against stealth aircraft.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

19.

With respect to the MH-60R ‘Romeo’ Seahawk helicopters, consider the following statements:

These multi-role helicopters are manufactured by Lockheed Martin (Sikorsky).
Their primary operational roles are Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) and Anti-Surface Warfare (ASuW).

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

20.

With respect to the Deep Ocean Mission (DOM), consider the following statements:

It is a Central Sector Scheme, fully funded by the Union Government, aimed at supporting the 'Blue Economy'.
One of the six pillars of the mission focuses on Ocean Climate Change Advisory Services and deep-sea biodiversity exploration.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

21.

With respect to the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM) schemes, consider the following statements:

The scheme offers fiscal support of up to 50% of the project cost for setting up Silicon Fabrication units.
The Design Linked Incentive (DLI) Scheme is primarily targeted at large multinational corporations to set up manufacturing plants.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

22.

With respect to the criteria for declaring a Cold Wave in India, consider the following statements:

In the plains, a cold wave is declared if the minimum temperature is 10°C or lower and the departure from normal is between 4.5°C to 6.4°C.
Regardless of the normal temperature, a cold wave is declared in the plains if the minimum temperature falls to 4°C or lower.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

23.

With respect to the historical and administrative evolution of Lakshadweep, consider the following statements:

The islands were under the rule of the Arakkal Kingdom of Kannur from the 16th century until 1908.
The Union Territory falls under the judicial jurisdiction of the Karnataka High Court.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

24.

With respect to the technical architecture of the 'Kavach' system, consider the following statements:

The system primarily utilises Global Positioning System (GPS) data to identify the precise location of trains on the track.
The deployment of the system requires the continuous laying of Optical Fibre Cable (OFC) to facilitate ultra-low latency communication between stations and locomotives.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

25.

With reference to the 'Agnipath' scheme, consider the following statements:

I. Agniveers are entitled to receive a monthly pension after the completion of their four-year tenure.
II. The Seva Nidhi package received by Agniveers at the end of their service is fully exempt from Income Tax.

III. Up to 50% of each batch of Agniveers is eligible for permanent enrollment in the regular cadre of the Armed Forces.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

II only

I and II only

II and III only

I, II and III

None

26.

With reference to the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Centre (IN-SPACe), consider the following statements:

I. It is a statutory body established under the Space Act of 2020.
II. It serves as a single-window nodal agency for the participation of private entities in the space sector.

III. It is responsible for the commercial exploitation of products and services emanating from the Indian space programme.

How many of the above statements are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

27.

Which of the following best explains the strategic role of ASW Shallow Water Crafts like Anjadip?

Blue-water naval dominance in deep oceans

Long-range missile deterrence

Coastal anti-submarine warfare and mine-laying operations

Amphibious troop deployment

None

28.

With respect to the mechanism and evolution of GLP-1 Agonists, consider the following statements:

These drugs function by enhancing glucagon secretion from the pancreas while simultaneously accelerating gastric emptying.
Tirzepatide is a dual agonist that mimics the action of both GLP-1 and Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP).

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

29.

With respect to the 'DigiPin' initiative by the Department of Posts, consider the following statements:

It is a digital addressing system that divides the geographical territory of India into 4-meter by 4-meter grids to assign a unique address to every location.
DigiPin is an alphanumeric code that permanently replaces the existing 6-digit PIN code system for all postal communications.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

30.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the nature of sound waves?

They are transverse waves that can propagate through a vacuum.

They are electromagnetic waves that require a solid medium to travel.

They are longitudinal waves that require a material medium (solid, liquid, or gas) for propagation.

They are mechanical waves that travel by creating constant low pressure without compression.

None

31.

With respect to the bio-engineering of vectors and Gene Drive Technology, consider the following statements:

Gene Drive technology utilizes tools like CRISPR to bypass Mendelian laws of inheritance, ensuring a specific trait is passed to nearly 100% of offspring.
In the genetically modified OX5034 mosquito strain, the self-limiting gene ensures that male offspring die before adulthood while females survive to reproduce.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

32.

With respect to the geographical prerequisites for rice cultivation in India, consider the following statements:

Rice is primarily a Kharif crop requiring high temperatures above 25°C during the growth phase.
It requires deep, fertile clayey or loamy soils with high water retention capacity and rainfall between 150-300 cm.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

33.

With respect to the findings of the Aditya-L1 mission regarding the May 2024 Solar Storm, consider the following statements:

The mission observed a rare "Magnetic Reconnection" event where two Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) collided and their magnetic field lines snapped and rejoined.
The reconnection region observed was approximately 1.3 million km wide, nearly 100 times the size of Earth.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

34.

With respect to India's joint military exercises consider the following statements:

'Dharma Guardian' is a joint army exercise between India and Japan aimed at jungle warfare and urban counter-terrorism.
'Varuna' is a bilateral air force exercise between India and France focused on air combat maneuvering.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

35.

With respect to the physiological mechanisms of Dark Adaptation, consider the following statements:

The mechanical adjustment of the eye involves the constriction of the pupil to maximize the quantum of light entering the retina.
The chemical adjustment is primarily driven by the regeneration of the photosensitive pigment Rhodopsin within the rod cells.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

36.

With respect to the governance of space resources and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), consider the following statements:

The ITU functions as the sole global coordinator for the allocation of satellite spectrum and orbital slots.
The recent WRC-23 Resolution 8 encourages the "warehousing" of orbital slots by removing deployment milestones for satellite operators.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Neither 1 nor 2

1, 2 and 3

None

37.

With respect to the proposed 'Compulsory Licensing' framework for AI models, consider the following statements:

The framework mandates that AI developers must negotiate individual licensing agreements with every publisher to access their content.
Publishers are granted the statutory right to 'opt-out' of the data scraping process if they do not wish their content to be used for AI training.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

Name

Phone

Time's up

May 2026

With reference to Extracellular RNA (ExRNA), consider the following statements:

It refers to RNA molecules that remain stable outside the cell by being enclosed in lipid-based molecular containers.
ExRNA is exclusively composed of messenger RNA (mRNA) and does not include non-coding RNA varieties.
It can act as a signaling medium to mediate communication between distant cells in the human body.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2, and 3

None

With reference to the Falcon 9 launch vehicle, consider the following statements:

It is the world’s first orbital-class rocket capable of vertical landing and reusability of its first stage.
It uses a cryogenic engine in its upper stage that functions primarily on Liquid Hydrogen (H₂) and Liquid Oxygen (O₂).
Recent studies suggest that the re-entry of its components may lead to the accumulation of aluminum oxides in the stratosphere, potentially affecting the ozone layer.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2, and 3

None

With reference to the Indian Space Situational Assessment Report (ISSAR) and space debris, consider the following statements:

Statement-I: India has committed to achieving a "Zero Debris" status for all its space missions by the year 2030 through the Debris Free Space Mission (DFSM).

Statement-II: The Project NETRA is a dedicated Indian communication satellite designed to provide high-speed internet to the Arctic region.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.

Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.

Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

None

With reference to the 'Qdenga' vaccine, recently seen in the news, consider the following statements:

Statement-I: It is a live-attenuated tetravalent vaccine developed to provide protection against all four serotypes of the dengue virus.

Statement-II: Unlike the previously available Dengvaxia, Qdenga requires mandatory pre-vaccination screening to ensure it is only given to people who have had a prior dengue infection.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.

Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.

Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

None

Match the following solar missions:

Mission	Agency
1. PUNCH	NASA
2. Proba-3	ESA
3. Solar Polar Orbit Observatory	China
4. Parker Solar Probe	ESA

Select the correct answer:

1, 2 and 3 only

1 and 4 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2, 3 and 4

None

With reference to the recently commissioned submarine INS Aridhaman, consider the following statements:

It is a nuclear-powered attack submarine (SSN) primarily designed for anti-submarine warfare.
It features double the number of vertical launch tubes compared to its predecessor, INS Arihant.
It is the first vessel in the Arihant-class to be equipped with the K-4 ballistic missile.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2, and 3

None

With reference to the Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam, consider the following statements:

It utilizes liquid sodium as a coolant because sodium does not moderate (slow down) neutrons.
The reactor is designed to function as a "bridge" to Stage 3 by producing Uranium-233 from a Thorium blanket.
Unlike the first-stage PHWRs, the PFBR operates on a closed fuel cycle where spent fuel is reprocessed.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Only one

Only two

All three

None

With reference to Space-Based Solar Power (SBSP), consider the following statements:

SBSP systems can provide "round-the-clock" electricity, bypassing the intermittency issues of ground-based solar power.
The "Lunar Ring" concept involves the use of lunar regolith to construct solar arrays on the moon's equator.
Microwave transmission of power from space is preferred over laser beams because microwaves are less affected by atmospheric conditions like rain or clouds.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Only one

Only two

All three

None

With reference to 'Pulsars' and space distance measurement, consider the following statements:

Pulsars are rapidly spinning remnant cores of dead stars that emit regular beams of radio waves.
The Dispersion Measure (DM) method relies on the fact that interstellar free electrons slow down higher-frequency radio waves more than lower-frequency ones.
Unlike the Parallax method, the novel scattering-based distance measurement technique has no specific distance limitation.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Only one

Only two

All three

None

10.

With reference to the Gaganyaan Mission, consider the following statements:

Statement-I: The LVM3 rocket used for Gaganyaan is a three-stage launch vehicle that utilizes a cryogenic engine in its final stage.

Statement-II: The humanoid robot ‘Vyommitra’ is designed to remain in the Service Module to control the propulsion and power systems during the uncrewed flight.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.

Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.

Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

None

11.

Consider the following statements regarding the 'Amaravati Quantum Reference Facility' (AQRF):

It is India's first dedicated testing bed for validating quantum computing ecosystem components.
The facility is being launched under the "Amaravati Quantum Valley" programme of the Andhra Pradesh government.
It was developed exclusively by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1 and 3 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2, and 3

None

12.

With reference to Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS), consider the following statements:

These enzymes are primarily responsible for the transcription of DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA).
Mutations in ARS genes are a known cause of inherited peripheral neuropathies.
A "dominant-negative" mutation refers to a condition where a faulty protein actively prevents a normal protein from functioning correctly.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2, and 3

None

13.

Which one of the following statements best reflects the idea behind the Precision-Guided Sterile Insect Technique (pgSIT) often discussed in the context of malaria control?

Genetically modified mosquitoes are released to directly kill malaria parasites inside the human body.

Sterile male mosquitoes are released into the wild to mate with females, leading to no viable offspring.

Mosquitoes are engineered to migrate away from human habitats permanently using genetic modification.

Female mosquitoes are genetically modified to produce vaccines against malaria in their saliva.

None

14.

With reference to International Lunar Governance, consider the following statements:

The Outer Space Treaty of 1967 explicitly permits nations to claim sovereignty over lunar regions rich in water ice.
India is a signatory to the Artemis Accords but has not ratified the Moon Agreement of 1979.
The "Safety Zones" concept under the Artemis Accords is a legally binding provision under the UN Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA).

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2, and 3

None

Name

Phone

Time's up

April 2026

With reference to 'Disability-Adjusted Life Years' (DALYs), consider the following statements:

It is a measure of the gap between current health status and an ideal health situation where the entire population lives to an advanced age, free of disease and disability.
It combines the years of life lost due to premature mortality and the years lived with a disability.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

None

Consider the following statements regarding plasma gasification:

I. It converts organic waste into syngas mainly consisting of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
II. It produces vitrified slag from inorganic materials.

III. It operates at relatively low temperatures below 500°C.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

I and II only

II and III only

I only

I, II and III

None

With reference to the 'WHO Pandemic Agreement' and the 'PABS System', consider the following statements:

The Pandemic Agreement is the first-ever legally binding instrument negotiated under Article 19 of the WHO Constitution.
Under the PABS system, pharmaceutical manufacturers are required to reserve a specific percentage of their production for the WHO during a pandemic emergency.
The Agreement grants the WHO the authority to mandate national lockdowns and travel restrictions in member states during a declared Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).

How many of the statements given above are correct?

Only one

Only two

All three

None

With reference to the 'Navigation with Indian Constellation' (NavIC), consider the following statements:

NavIC provides global coverage similar to the Global Positioning System (GPS) of the United States.
The constellation uses a combination of satellites in Geostationary and Medium Earth Orbits.
The second-generation NVS satellites include the L1 frequency band to enhance interoperability with civilian devices.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

3 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

With reference to superconductors, consider the following statements:

They conduct electricity with zero resistance.
They release heat during current flow.
They require a critical temperature to exhibit superconductivity.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 3 only

2 only

1, 2 and 3

1 only

None

With reference to the 'Biopharma SHAKTI' initiative, recently seen in the news, consider the following statements:

It aims to develop India as a global manufacturing hub specifically for traditional Ayurvedic medicines and herbal formulations.
The initiative proposes the establishment of a dedicated "Scientific Review Cadre" within the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO).
It has a total financial outlay of ₹10,000 crore spread over a period of ten years.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

With reference to the AssamSAT initiative, consider the following statements:

It aims to provide real-time flood monitoring of the Brahmaputra River.
It is India’s first national satellite constellation project.
It also focuses on border security in sensitive areas like the Siliguri Corridor.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 3 only

2 only

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 3

None

Name

Phone

Time's up

June 2026

With reference to CAR T-cell therapy, consider the following statements:

It involves the genetic modification of a patient’s own immune cells to recognize and attack cancer.
It is currently the primary standard of care for solid tumors like lung and liver cancers in India.
Unlike chemotherapy, CAR T-cells are considered a "living drug" as they can persist in the body for long periods.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS), used in the management of dehydration, typically contains which of the following components?

Sodium chloride, potassium chloride, glucose, and trisodium citrate

Calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, glucose, and vitamin C

Sodium bicarbonate, iron salts, glucose, and zinc

Potassium nitrate, sodium chloride, sucrose, and calcium phosphate

None

Consider the following statements regarding Project 17A of the Indian Navy:

Statement I: Project 17A frigates are follow-on versions of the Shivalik-class frigates with enhanced stealth features and high levels of automation.

Statement II: These ships are powered by a Combined Diesel and Diesel (CODAD) propulsion system to ensure high fuel efficiency at all speeds.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation for Statement I.

Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I.

Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.

None

With reference to the 'Outer Space Treaty of 1967' and modern space security, consider the following statements:

The treaty explicitly prohibits the placement of all types of weapons, including conventional missiles, in Earth's orbit.
The 'Principle of Distinction' under international humanitarian law requires satellites to be used exclusively for either civilian or military purposes, prohibiting dual use.
The 'Attribution Gap' refers to the difficulty in legally identifying the perpetrator of a cyber-interference operation against a satellite.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Only one

Only two

All three

None

With reference to Directed Energy Weapons (DEWs), consider the following statements:

High-Energy Lasers (HEL) primarily damage targets by disrupting their electronic circuits through electromagnetic interference.
The KALI (Kilo Ampere Linear Injector) is an indigenous Indian project developed jointly by DRDO and the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC).
Atmospheric conditions such as heavy fog and rain do not impact the efficacy of Laser-based DEWs due to their high frequency.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

With reference to the Tactical Advanced Range Augmentation (TARA) system, consider the following statements:

Statement-I: TARA is a modular range extension kit designed to convert unguided warheads into precision-guided glide weapons.

Statement-II: It has been developed by the Research Centre Imarat (RCI) to provide a low-cost indigenous alternative for the Indian Air Force.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.

Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.

Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

None

Consider the following statements regarding the recently released ‘Guidance Document on Diabetes Mellitus in Children’ and the RBSK 2.0 guidelines:

The revised Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK 2.0) focuses exclusively on screening for Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) like diabetes and hypertension.
The ‘4Ts’ framework is an awareness tool designed to help identify early warning signs of Type 2 Diabetes in adolescents.
Under the new framework, the government provides free lifelong insulin therapy and glucometers to children diagnosed with diabetes in public health facilities.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

Only one

Only two

All three

None

With reference to the Hantavirus, consider the following statements:

It is a viral disease primarily transmitted to humans through contact with infected rodents.
The Andes strain of the virus is notable because it can spread through human-to-human contact.
There is currently a WHO-approved vaccine available for the Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS).

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 only

1, 2 and 3

None

Consider the following statements regarding CAR-T cell therapy and Human Immunodeficiency Virus:

CAR-T cell therapy involves genetically modifying a patient’s T cells to target diseased cells.
HIV primarily attacks B cells responsible for antibody production.
In CAR-T therapy, engineered T cells are expanded in the laboratory before being infused back into the patient.
T cells are associated with cell-mediated immunity, while B cells are associated with humoral immunity.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1, 3 and 4 only

1 and 2 only

2, 3 and 4 only

1, 2, 3 and 4

None

10.

Consider the following statements regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / PMOS:

The term PMOS highlights the role of endocrine and metabolic dysfunctions such as insulin resistance.
Under the PMOS framework, diagnosis depends only on the presence of ovarian cysts in ultrasound imaging.
The renaming from PCOS to PMOS aims to reduce stigma and broaden diagnosis beyond reproductive symptoms alone.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1 and 2 only

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

11.

With reference to “The Predictability Pandemic” and predictive AI systems, consider the following statements:

Predictive keyboards use Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing (NLP).
“Model Collapse” refers to the breakdown of AI quality when models increasingly learn from AI-generated content instead of original human-created data.
The “Google Effect” suggests that frequent dependence on digital tools can reduce human memory retention and cognitive effort.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

12.

With respect to the clinical management of the Ebola Virus Disease, consider the following statements:

Statement-I: The current supportive therapy for an infected patient heavily involves the administration of blood and plasma.

Statement-II: Ebola is a hemorrhagic fever virus that disrupts the body's clotting system and causes severe internal bleeding.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I

Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect

Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct

None

13.

“With reference to the ‘Zwan-Wolf effect’, which is sometimes seen in the news, it is primarily associated with:”

Black hole radiation

Solar wind interaction with planetary magnetic boundaries

Formation of asteroids

Lunar eclipses

None

14.

With reference to the indigenous Suryastra Rocket System, consider the following statements:

It is India’s first indigenous universal multi-calibre rocket launcher system developed by a private defence company.
The system demonstrated strike capabilities up to 300 km during field trials.
The project was developed under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative and Indian Army emergency procurement framework.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

15.

With reference to the Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) of the Gaganyaan mission, consider the following statements:

The Air Revitalisation System (ARS) uses Lithium Hydroxide canisters to remove carbon dioxide from the cabin air.
In microgravity, natural convection helps maintain proper air circulation inside the crew module.
The Gaganyaan mission plans to recycle waste into usable resources during the mission, similar to the International Space Station (ISS).

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

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