I. Conceptual Framework
- Etymology: Derived from the Latin phrase pro tempore, meaning ‘for the time being’.
- Nature: A temporary authority appointed to preside over the House when the Lok Sabha or State Legislative Assembly is newly elected, prior to the election of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
- Constitutional Status: The Constitution does not expressly define the term ‘Pro-tem Speaker’; the office exists based on parliamentary convention.
- Tenure: The office is transient and ceases to exist immediately upon the election of the permanent Speaker.
II. Appointment Protocol
- Appointing Authority: Appointed by the President (for Lok Sabha) or the Governor (for State Assemblies).
- Oath of Office: Administered directly by the President or Governor.
- Selection Convention: By established tradition, the senior-most member of the House is typically selected for this role.
III. Key Mandates
- Inaugural Session: Presides over the first sitting of the newly elected House.
- Oath Administration: Administers the oath of office to newly elected Members of Parliament (MPs) or Members of Legislative Assembly (MLAs).
- Electoral Duties: Conducts the voting process to elect the permanent Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
- Floor Test: Facilitates the floor test to prove the government’s majority when required.
