Why in the News ?
- Recently, India has been in active diplomatic negotiations with the United States to secure a long-term extension of the sanction’s waiver for the Chabahar Port, which is set to expire on April 26, 2026.
- This follows the landmark 10-year agreement signed in May 2024 between India Ports Global Limited (IPGL) and Iran’s Port and Maritime Organization (PMO) for the operation of the Shahid Beheshti terminal.
- Location & Geography
- Located in Sistan-Baluchistan province of Iran.
- Lies on the Gulf of Oman, outside the Strait of Hormuz.
- Closest Iranian port to India’s western coast.
2. Strategic Importance for India
- Provides direct sea access to Afghanistan and Central Asia bypassing Pakistan.
- Key pillar of India’s “Connect Central Asia” policy.
- Enhances India’s presence in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
3. Operational & Development Aspects
- Developed and operated by India Ports Global Limited (IPGL).
- India signed a long-term agreement with Iran for port operation.
- Used for commercial trade and humanitarian assistance (e.g., wheat supply to Afghanistan).
4. Connectivity Projects Linked to Chabahar
- Chabahar–Zahedan railway line connects port to Iran’s rail network.
- Integrated with the International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC).
- Acts as a gateway to Eurasian markets.
5. Chabahar vs Gwadar
- Chabahar Port → India–Iran cooperation
- Gwadar Port → China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)
- Both ports lie on the Makran Coast but serve competing strategic interests.
6. Sanctions & Diplomatic Angle
- Chabahar has received limited exemption from U.S. sanctions due to its role in Afghan development.
- Reflects India’s strategic autonomy in foreign policy.
Q. With reference to Chabahar Port, consider the following statements:
1. Chabahar Port is located on the Persian Gulf coast of Iran.
2. The port provides India with an alternative route to access Afghanistan bypassing Pakistan.
3. Chabahar Port is operated by an Indian public sector company.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 2 and 3 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer: (a) 2 and 3 only
Solution:
Statement 1 Incorrect: Chabahar Port is located on the Gulf of Oman, not on the Persian Gulf.
Statement 2 Correct: It enables direct access to Afghanistan and Central Asia, bypassing Pakistan.
Statement 3 Correct: The port is operated by India Ports Global Limited (IPGL).
