Context
- Recently, NITI Aayog launched the second edition of the India Electric Mobility Index (IEMI) at a workshop on State EV Policies.
About India Electric Mobility Index
- IEMI is a data-driven framework developed to assess the progress of States and Union Territories in the transition towards electric mobility.
- The IEMI tracks and evaluates 16 indicators across three themes: Transport Electrification Progress, Charging Infrastructure Readiness, and EV Research and Innovation Status.
- It helps States monitor their performance, identify gaps and formulate evidence-based EV policies.
- The Index recognises that States may follow different EV strategies based on their industrial base, fiscal capacity and geographical conditions.
Key Findings
1. Global Electric Mobility Trends & Geopolitical Triggers
- Global Sales Trajectory (2025): EV share reached over 50% of new car sales in China, over 25% in the EU, and nearly 10% in the US.
- Inflection Point: Geopolitical instabilities (such as recent West Asia crises) mirror the 1970s oil shocks, acting as major catalysts for accelerating fuel efficiency and alternative mobility transitions globally.
2. Strategic Rationale for India (Viksit Bharat 2047)
- Energy Security & Import Reduction: India currently depends on imports for nearly 89% of its crude oil needs. Expanding EV adoption is critical to capping oil import bills as vehicle ownership grows.
- Economic Footprint: The automotive sector contributes ~7.1% to India’s GDP and supports approximately 1.9 crore jobs, requiring swift technological alignment with global supply chains.
3. Policy Ecosystem & Financial Interventions
- Demand & Adoption Schemes: FAME (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles), PM E-DRIVE, and PM E-bus Sewa.
- Supply & Battery Manufacturing: Two dedicated Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes targeting Automobiles & Auto Components and Advanced Chemistry Cell (ACC) battery storage.
- Digital Charging Ecosystem: Launch of the Unified Bharat e-Charge app alongside expanded infrastructure rollouts by Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) and private players.
4. Sub-National Performance & IEMI Progress
- Policy Coverage: 29 out of 36 States and UTs have notified standalone state EV policies.
- IEMI Progress Metrics: Over the past year, the highest state score on the index improved from 77 to 84, while the median state score rose from 36 to 40.
Conclusion
The India Electric Mobility Index provides a common, data-driven framework for tracking India’s transition towards electric mobility. By enabling States to assess progress and learn from different policy approaches, it can support India’s goals of energy security, cleaner transport and sustainable economic development.